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KMID : 0381120090310020183
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Genes and Genomics
2009 Volume.31 No. 2 p.183 ~ p.197
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Sequence Diversity at Cytochrome Oxidase 1 (Co-1) Gene among Sculpins (Scorpaeniformes, Cottidae) and some other Scorpionfish of Russia Far East with Phylogenetic and Taxonomic Insights
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Kartavtsev Yuri Ph.
Sharina Svetlana N.
GotoTadasuke
Balanov Andrey A.
Hanzawa Naoto
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Abstract
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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) at Co-1 gene region was sequenced for 7 scorpion fish species (in total, 16 sequences of at least 552 bp) from the Far East of Russia and compared with 15 other sequences of Scorpaeniformes comprising altogether 29 scorpion-like fish sequences and two outgroup sequences (Cypriniformes). The analysis of the protein-coding Co-1 gene revealed statistically substantiated bias in the (T + C) : (A +G) content, proving basic findings. The average scores of p-distances for different scales of the evolutionary history at Co-1 gene revealed a clear pattern
of increased nucleotide diversity at four different levels: (1) intraspecies, (2) intragenus, (3) intrafamily,and (4) intraorder. The scores of average p-distances for the compared fish groups were: (1) 1.00 ± 0.20%, (2) 3.80 ± 0.20%, (3) 12.40 ± 1.20%, and (4) 18.00 ± 0.38%, respectively (mean ± SE). These data support the concept that speciation in the order Scorpaeniformes, in most cases, follows a geographic mode through accumulation of numerous small genetic changes over a long period of time. However, intraspecies diversity was surprisingly high among scorpionfish. Phylogenetic trees
for 29 sequences of scorpionfish and 2 other fishes belonging to ray-finned fishes (Actinopterigii) were developed using Co-1 gene and four different analytical approaches: Bayesian (BA), maximum likelihood (ML), neighbour-joining (NJ), and maximum parsimony (MP). The analysis revealed a monophyletic origin for the representatives of Cottidae, which is the principal scorpionfish family investigated (100, 96, 98% support level in our BA, MP, and NJ analyses). Similarly, the monophyletic origin of up to the three compared scorpion-like fish genera was supported by molecular phylogenetic
data. Species identification on individual basis (barcoding tagging) was high. A few taxonomic complications arose during the analysis and they are discussed here in.
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KEYWORD
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molecular phylogeny, sequence, p-distance, Co-1, taxonomy, scorpionfish
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